Авторская разработка учебно-методического пособия по английскому языку для 8–10-х классов "Golden Ring" ("Золотое кольцо")

Пояснительная записка

Данное учебно-методическое пособие может использоваться на уроках английского языка в 8-10-х классах общеобразовательных школ (в зависимости от подготовленности учеников), а также на факультативных занятиях или элективных курсах.

Авторская разработка “Золотое Кольцо” включает в себя уникальные тексты об истории и достопримечательностях знаменитых старинных городов Золотого Кольца России (Сергиевом Посаде, Переславле Залесском, Ростове Великом, Ярославле и Костроме). После каждого текста имеется перевод выделенных жирным шрифтом новых слов, что значительно облегчает работу учащихся по чтению и переводу. Также, после каждого текста имеются вопросы. В качестве конечного результата, предполагается заполнение итоговой таблицы, включающей в себя информацию по пяти городам Золотого Кольца России.

Материал “Золотого Кольца” соотносится с временными требованиями к обязательному минимуму содержания основного общего образования по иностранному языку и, по мнению автора, способен сыграть огромную роль в патриотическом воспитании учащихся.

G O L D E N R I N G

The Golden Ring is one of Russia’s most famous tourist routes. It includes some very special towns that lie to the northeast of Moscow. Each town has its own special charm and history.

SERGIEV POSAD

At the entrance to Sergiev Posad from the top of the hill there is a breath-taking view of the Trinity Monastery of St Sergius. It is the historical centre of Sergiev Posad. It was founded in the middle of the 14^th century by Sergius of Radonezh. Since 1744 the Trinity Monastery of St Sergius is a laura. The word “laura” translated from the Greek means “a most important monastery”.

The unusually high bell-tower dominates the whole ensemble. The mass of churches and other buildings creates a joyous, uplifting sensation, particularly on sunny days, and recalls pictures of gingerbread towns on old woodcuts. This is one of Russia’s most important and highly revered monasteries, which still retains its greatness and renown. Here lie the relics of Sergius of Radonezh, that bring thousands of pilgrims here each year to do homage.

In the Soviet period Sergiev Posad was renamed Zagorsk in honour of the revolutionary Zagorsky, but in 1991 it got its old name back.

The population of Sergiev Posad is about 113 000 inhabitants.

Questions:

1. When was Sergiev Posad founded?
2. Who was the city founded by?
3. What is the historical centre of Sergiev Posad?
4. What is Sergiev Posad famous for?
5. What is the population of Sergiev Posad?
6. When was Sergiev Posad renamed Zagorsk?

PERESLAVL-ZALESSKY

Pereslavl-Zalessky was founded in 1152 by Prince Yuri Dolgoruky on the banks of the deep River Trubezh that flows into Lake Pleshcheyevo.

The population of this town is about 45 000 inhabitants.

One of the finest pages in the history of Pereslavl-Zalessky is connected with Peter the Great. On the banks of Lake Pleshcheyevo Peter the Great set about building the first Russian flotilla “for fun”, which marked the beginning of the Russian fleet.

Lake Pleshcheyevo is 9,5 km long and 6,7 km wide with a maximum depth of about 30 metres. It is one of the largest lakes in Central Russia. The lake that rocked the first ships of Russia’s sea fleet deserves to be called a sea. What is more the lake really does have the so-called Pereslavl herring, which is actually not herring at all, but a unique sort of whitefish (among other sorts) from the salmon family that specialists regard as a sea relict and still argue about how it could appear in a closed freshwater lake. Then this fish was called the ryapushka. A tender delicacy, it satisfied the most demanding palate and was always on the menu of the tsars and patriarchs during fasting.

There are four monasteries in Pereslavl-Zalessky. One of them is the Goritsky Monastery. It was founded in 15^th century. The monastery got its name from its location on high ground by the edge of a slope.

Questions:

1. When was Pereslavl-Zalessky founded?
2. Who was the city founded by?
3. Where is Pereslavl-Zalessky situated?
4. What do you know about Lake Pleshcheyevo?
5. What is Pereslavl-Zalessky famous for in the way of architecture?
6. What is the population of Sergiev Posad?

ROSTOV THE GREAT

Rostov the Great was founded in 862. It is situated on the bank of Lake Nero. The population is about 37 000 inhabitants.

The name of Lake Nero means “silty, marshy” in Finnish. Lake Nero is more than 50 sq.km in area and 13 km long.

The historical centre of Rostov the Great is the Rostov Kremlin. It was built in late 17^th century. The splendid ensemble of the kremlin dominates the surroundings creating a very special festive atmosphere. Everything here speaks of bygone days, remote pages of Russian history.

Besides, there are two monasteries in Rostov the Great – the Saviour Monastery of St Jacob and the Abraham Monastery. They were built in 14^th and in 11-12^th centuries respectively.

Yet Rostov the Great is famous for the Rostov enamels. In the 18^th century Rostov became a centre for producing enamel insets and individual articles. The insets were used mainly to decorate church plate. The enameled insets depicting subjects were multi-coloured, necessitating several firings, and were particularly valued. With time the demand for these insets decreased, and the masters turned instead to making powder cases, hand mirrors, earrings, bracelets and portrait brooches.

 

Questions:

1. When was Rostov the Great founded?
2. What is the historical centre of Rostov the Great?
3. When was the Kremlin built?
4. How many monasteries are there in Rostov the Great?
5. What is Rostov the Great famous for in the way of souvenirs ?
6. What is the population of Rostov the Great?

YAROSLAVL

Yaroslavl is the largest and most active of the Golden Ring towns. It was founded at the beginning of the 11^th century by Prince Yaroslav the Wise of Kiev as a fortified town on the right bank of the Volga at the point where the Kotorosl flows into it.

The population of Yaroslavl is about 628 000 inhabitants.

There are many churches in Yaroslavl. The Church of St Elijah the Prophet (1647 – 1650) is one of the most beautiful. It is situated in the centre of Yaroslavl, on the town’s main square, Sovietskaya.

Besides, Yaroslavl is famous for the Saviour Monastery. It was founded in the second half of the 12^th century. After a fire in 1501 the monastery buildings were rebuilt in stone.

Questions:

1. When was Yaroslavl founded?
2. Who was the city founded by?
3. Where is Yaroslavl situated?
4. What is Yaroslavl famous for in the way of architecture?
5. What is the population of Yaroslavl?
6. Is Yaroslavl a large city?

KOSTROMA

Kostroma was founded in 1151 by Prince Yuri Dolgoruki of Suzdal. It is situated on the left bank of the Volga at the point where the Kostroma River flows into it.

The population of Kostroma is about 286 000 inhabitants.

Kostroma is famous for the Hypatian Monastery and the open-air Museum of Wooden Architecture.

The Hypatian Monastery is situated on the promontory between the Volga and the Kostroma. It was founded in 1275.

The open-air Museum of Wooden Architecture is located in a picturesque meadow by the River Igumenka. Here you will find churches, log cabins and other buildings from all over Kostroma Region.

The best souvenirs to take home from Kostroma are the beautiful items made of pure linen. The bright and attractive linen tablecloths and napkins on the trays of local traders are real works of art.

 

Questions:

1. When was Kostroma founded?
2. Who was the city founded by?
3. Where is Kostroma situated?
4. What do you know about the Hypatian Monastery?
5. What do you know about the open-air Museum of Wooden Architecture?
6. What is Kostroma famous for in the way of souvenirs?
7. What is the population of Kostroma?

Copy and complete the chart

Town	Year of foundation	Founder	Situation	Sights	Souvenirs
Sergiev Posad
Pereslavl Zalessky
Rostov the Great
Yaroslavl
Kostroma